On this Holy Book of Allaah depends on the Islamic call, State, society and the civilization of the Islamic world. It is the last divine revelation, which was to the Prophet Muhammad, sallallaahu ' alayhiwasallam (may Allah exalt are mentioning) the last and final of all the prophets, may Allaah elevate their entry. Its task was the message of the worship of the one God, Allah, without any partners attribute to transfer him.
The Noble Quran, that the source of guidance and mercy for humanity is, is divided into a hundred and fourteen (114) Surahs (chapters) of different lengths. Ninety-three chapters were revealed in Makkah, while remaining twentyone were revealed in Medinah.
The first revelation that the Prophet, sallallaahu ' alayhiwasallam, retrieved was Soorat Al-' Alaq [Quran 96], which in Makkah where Soorat was An-Najm [Quran 53] was to later became the first to be openly recited to the people. In Medinah was Soorat Al-Mutaffifeen [Quran 83] the first who revealed after the Hijrah (migration). The Prophet, sallallaahu ' alayhiwasallam, had to flee to Medinah for his own life and the lives of his followers, on the orders of Allah.
The last verse revealed to the Prophet, sallallaahu ' alayhiwasallam, was saying of Allaah which means: "...This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed my favor upon you and you have approved for Islam as a religion ... " [Quran: 5: 3] Some chapters in the Holy Quran focus on the call for Islam as a guidance for mankind. They focus on monotheism and the fight against polytheism and idolatry. So, stress is placed on all that is related to faith. In other chapters, has paid attention to legislation, acts of worship, relationships between people and the laws that within the Muslim community, the Government and the family.
Some chapters inform about the resurrection, the hereafter and the invisible; others relate the stories of various prophets and their appeal to their people to return to Allaah. We see how the previous Nations were severely punished when they disobey Allaah and the messages of previous prophets, refused their entry may Allaah exalt.
In addition, different chapters focusing on the story of creation and the development of human life.
In fact, Makkan revelations made faith of the Muslims in Allaah anchored. On the other hand, were revelations in Medinah for the faith into practice and give details of the divine law.
Allaah retain the Holy Quran against all attempts to destroy or damage the forever. Is guarded by Allaah, it will always remain pure.
There does not exist a single copy with abnormalities of the recognized text.
Any attempt of change has resulted in failure.
At the command of the Prophet, sallallaahu ' alayhiwasallam, his companions would write some of the Noble Quran was revealed. They used for this purpose, palm branches stripped of leaves, parchments, shoulder bones, stone tablets, etc. About 40 people were involved in this task.
Among them was Zayd Ibn Thaabit, may Allah be pleased with him, which showed his work to the Prophet, sallallaahu ' alayhiwasallam. So, the Holy Quran was well organized over the life of the Prophet, but it was still not compiled in one book. In the meantime, most of the companions of the Prophet, may Allah be pleased with them, memorize the Holy Quran.
When Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, became Caliph after the Prophet, sallallaahu ' alayhiwasallam died, a large number of the companions were killed during the war of apostasy. ' Umar Ibn Al-Qa'qa, may Allaah be pleased with him and went to the Caliph discussed the idea of the Holy Quran to compile in a single volume.
He was upset, as most of those who stored had died. Abu Bakr, may Allaah be pleased with him, then called for Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him and commissioned by him to collect the Holy Quran in one book, which became known as the Mus-haf.
After Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him, this great task accomplished and Holy Quran organized in a book, he has submitted the precious collection to Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, which kept it in his possession until the end of his life. During the Caliphate of ' Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, it was kept with his daughter Hafsah, may Allah be pleased with her, who is also a wife of the Prophet, sallallaahu was ' alayhiwasallam.
During the Caliphate of ' Uthmaan, may Allah be pleased with him, Islam reached many countries and reciters of Holy Quran began to recite the Holy Quran in different ways (dialects).
' Uthmaan, may Allah be pleased with him, then had several copies made and sent them to the various Muslim land, that these dialects would lead to changes to the Holy Quran, and preserved the original with Hafsah, may Allaah be pleased with her. So, the Holy Quran remained preserved and the Caliph was very happy with his performance.
Today, each copy of the Holy Quran is in compliance with the standard copy of ' Uthmaan, may Allah be pleased with him. In fact, Muslims throughout the ages excelled in producing the finest manuscripts of the Noble Quran in the most beautiful handwriting.
With the introduction of printing became more and more editions of the Noble Quran available around the world.
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